Julie Le Gallo, IERSO (IFReDE-GRES)
Université Montesquieu-Bordeaux IV
, Pessac, France, Rachel Guillain, LEG-UMR 5118, Dijon Cedex, France
Agglomeration and Dispersion in the Ile-De-France Region - An Exploratory Spatial Analysis (assigned to theme
Understanding how and why clusters form and persist has been the topic of numerous theoretical developments, which mainly follow Krugman`s (1991, 1995) work. Some empirical studies on clusters have also been realized. However, they are not entirely satisfying, even if they allow developing new tools for the study of geographical concentration. On the one hand, some studies focus on clusters of a sole sector, mainly the High Tech sector in a particular area. On the other hand, other studies focus on several sectors (e.g. the manufacturing sectors) but at the country level (Ellison and Glaeser, 1997; Bertinelli, 2003), without considering spatial issues or by analyzing the geographic concentration at a large spatial scale: the `départment` in France (Maurel and Sédillot, 1999) or the city. We propose in this paper to analyze the geographic concentration at a more desegregated level, namely the communal level of the Paris Basin and to consider several sectors. In other words, not only do we consider the manufacturing sectors but we also focus on the service sectors. In this context, this aim of the paper is twofold. First, we determine the range of concentration for the different sectors in Ile-de-France based on the National Survey on Employment conducted by INSEE in 1999 using different indices of concentration. Second, using exploratory spatial data analysis, we study the spatial patterns of the clusters in order to determine if they are evenly dispersed or geographically concentrated in the Paris Basin and if these patterns differ according to the sectors.
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